| Name | Short description | Classifications | Q.ty Info | Success | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comments 0 | Air quality modelling to identify exceeded areas - example UK | In the UK exceeded areas are identified by modelling next to monitoring | Other | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Animal House Adaptation | Prevention or reduction of Ammonia emissions through animal house adaptation | Other | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Austrian Action Programme for Mobility Management for communities | "klima:aktiv mobil" programme to promote alternative vehicles, multimodal mobility and slow modes in Austria | Other (Traffic planning and management) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Ban of fuel oil for residential heating - Lombardy | Ban of the use of fuel oil for residential heating in Lombardy | Other (Low Emission Fuels) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Banning the marketing, sale and distribution of bituminous fuels - Dublin | The City of Dublin first banned the marketing, sale and distribution of bituminous fuel for residential heating in 1990 (‘smoky coal ban’) | Regulations for fuel quality | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Bicycle renting scheme - example Paris | Bicycles can be rented for free or at low charge for a limited amount of time throughout the city | Slow modes (e.g. expansion of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Biotope Area Factor – Berlin | Berlin developed the ‘Biotope Area factor (BAF)’ which is a regulation that measures the proportion of green space to the entire development to create more green space within densely built up urban locations | Other | no | |
| Comments 0 | Car sharing schemes -example Paris | Creation of new transport services based on the sharing of non-polluting vehicles: Autolib (electric vehicles in self-service) | Other (Traffic planning and management) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Central logistics (e.g. for construction) - Berlin, Vienna | Large construction sites cause a lot of HDV traffic, which can be reduced by central logistics and transport by rail or ship | Freight transport | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Cleaner Taxis - example London | Accelarated uptake of cleaner taxis by introducing an age-based limit | Other (Traffic planning and management) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Cleaner vehicles for large private fleets - example US Postal Service | Use of alternate fuel vehicles (compressed natural gas) in the United States Postal Service | Other (Low Emission Fuels) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Cleaning of the public transport - example Berlin | Setting of environmental standards within the public transport plan and as specifications in the bus procurement: all busses have to be equipped with particle filters, targets for the proportion of busses with the exhaust standard Euro V/EEV (53 % in 2010) | Cleaner vehicle transport services | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Cleaning of the public transport - example Madrid | Use of compressed natural gas (CNG) buses in the public transport system of Madrid | Cleaner vehicle transport services | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Congestion charge - Gothenburg | Congestion tax is charged for Swedish-registered vehicles that are driven into and out of central Gothenburg, Mondays to Fridays between 06.30 and 18.29. | Congestion pricing zones (Traffic planning and management) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Congestion charge - London | Traffic measure of charging a flat rate to enter central London on weekdays to reduce congestion | Congestion pricing zones (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Congestion charge - Milan | Area C”, the actual implementation of the former “Ecopass” measure, represents the LEZ area within Milan and regulates the access of private vehicles to the central urban zone under the payment of a toll. | Congestion pricing zones (Traffic planning and management) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Congestion charge - Stockholm | Congestion tax on certain vehicles for passages in and out of Stockholm inner city, between the hours of 6:30 am and 6:30 pm Monday to Friday. | Congestion pricing zones (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Construction sites guidance and restrictions | Guidance documents and regulations to reduce PM emissions from construction sites in Styria, London and Switzerland | Other | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Covered storage of slurry and manure | Reducing ammonia emissions by covered outdoor storage of manure | Other | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Cycle-to-work scheme - Ireland | Promotion of cycling to work by financial supporting bicycles and bicycle accessories in Ireland | Slow modes (e.g. expansion of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | DPF retrofitting of trucks and buses - example Madrid | Retrofitting of public transport buses with Diesel particulate filters (DPF) in the city of Madrid. | Retrofitting emission control equipment | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Dry flue gas desulfurisation technology using magnesium oxide - Yerakini, Greece | LIFE project concerning the pilot application of an industrial desulfurisation technology utilising magnesium oxide in a magnesite calcination plant in Greece. | not set | yes | successful |
| Comments 0 | Ecodriving programs when fuel prices are low - Dublin | Pilot project on eco-driving, energy awareness, which failed due to low fuel prices when the project was launched. | other (Public information/Education) | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Extension / Introduction of cycling networks, especially cycling highways | Introduction of cycle super highways in Copenhagen, Groningen and London | Slow modes (e.g. expansion of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Extension / introduction of tram lines - Nice | Introduction of an East-West tramway line to link the sea port of Nice to the airport and extension of existing tram lines | Effective improvement of public transport | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Extension / introduction of tram lines - Paris | Extension of a new tramway line (T3) on the ring boulevards around the city of Paris | Land use planning to ensure sustainable transport facilities | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Extension of district heating - example Vienna | Increase of the share of district heating up to 50% until 2020 in Vienna | Emission control equipment | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Extension of tram lines - Graz | Extension of tram lines within the existing network of 66km by 22km in Graz, Austria | Effective improvement of public transport | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Fugitive dust measures | Package of measures to reduce fugitive dust emissions | Other | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Idling reduction schemes - London and US | Reducing unnecessary engine idling of vehicles and school buses in London and the United States | other (Public information/Education) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Information to the public - example London | The website Cleaner Air for London provides up-to-date information on air quality, forecasts, and measures for different groups of users | INTERNET (Public information/Education) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Integrated construction site traffic management - Vienna | Sustainable Building Site Management by reducing site traffic, use of trains and waste separation and | Other (Public procurement) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Intensive street cleaning | Intensive street cleaning expected to reduce the dust load on roads and therefore resuspension of dust | Other (Traffic planning and management) | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Intermodality (e.g. park and ride) | Provision of different modes for travelling and optimization of the nodes | Encouragement of shift of transport modes | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Job tickets | Job tickets for employees at reduced prices in several German and Austrian cities | Encouragement of shift of transport modes | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Local air quality management support - UK | Support of local air quality managers by guidance documents and best practices | INTERNET (Public information/Education) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Low ammonia manure application methods | Methods to reduce ammonio emissions from manure application on arable land or grassland | Other | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Low emission zone - Berlin | Low emission zone ("Umweltzone") for trucks and cars in the centre of Berlin inside the S-Bahn ring | Low emission zones (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Low emission zone - Lombardy and Milan | Low emission zone in the Lombardy Region for motorcycles, buses (whole year), and vehicles during wintertime, e.g. in Milan | Low emission zones (Traffic planning and management) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Low emission zone - London | Low emission zone for vans and lorries in Greater London | Low emission zones (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Low emission zones - Malmö, Stockholm | Low emission zone for heavy duty vehicles (above 3.5 t) in Malmö and Stockholm | Low emission zones (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Lower speed limits on main roads - Berlin | Speed limit of 30 km/h for main roads in Berlin, Germany | Effective reduction of speed limits and control | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Moss meadows trials - Germany | Trials to examine the reduction of dust emissions on highway by moss meadows | Other (Traffic planning and management) | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Motorway bypass - example Mühlhausen, Germany | Traffic relocation to reduce local emission in loaded areas via a bypass main road | Other (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Noise barriers - Netherlands | Practical proof of the beneficial effect of noise barriers on air quality in the Netherlands | Other (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | NOx bubble for airport - Zurich | Limiting overall NOx emissions of Zurich airport | Other measures not specified in codelist | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | NOx bubble steel plant – BAT frontrunner: SCR for sintering plant - Linz, Austria | Limit to maximum annual NOx emissions and first SCR at a sinter plant in the EU. | - IPPC permits beyond BAT | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | NOx charge - Sweden | An annual charge is to be paid per kg of emitted NOx from boilers with an energy production above 25GWh per year | Introduction/increase of environment charges | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | NOx trading - Netherlands | Trading of industrial NOx emissions within the Netherlands | Tradable permit system | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Obligatory district heating for new buildings - Upper Austria | New public public buildings and apartment blocks are required to be connected to district heating if available | Shift to installations using low emission fuels | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Onshore power supply - Antwerp | Onshore Power Supply for ocean going vessels to allow ship engines of berthed vessels to be turned off | Other (Low Emission Fuels) | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Onshore power supply - Gothenburg | Onshore Power Supply for ocean going vessels to allow ship engines of berthed vessels to be turned off | Other (Low Emission Fuels) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Power plants permits beyond BAT - Lombardy | Prescriptions for IPPC power plants beyond BAT in Lombardy | - IPPC permits beyond BAT | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Prohibit open field agricultural waste burning - example Austria | Prohibition of open field agricultural waste burning and agricultural waste in general in Austria | Other measures not specified in codelist | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Public transport ticket schemes - example London | Best-price tickets accounting the lowest price according to the number of journeys ("Oyster card") in London | Encouragement of shift of transport modes | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Quality Bus Corridor (QBC) or Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) | Implemenation of Quality Bus Corridors or Bus Rapid Transit systems in urban centres | Effective improvement of public transport | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Redistribution of public space from passenger cars to slow modes - Paris | Rebalancing program of public space in Paris, reducing areas attributed to cars and prioritising slow modes and public transport | Slow modes (e.g. expansion of bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Residential biomass combustion regulation - Lombardy | Energy efficiency requirements for new residential heating systems using biomass and requirements for existing systems at altitudes below 300m. | Shift to installations using low emission fuels | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Restrictions to HDV through traffic - Stuttgart | Ban of heavy duty vehicles (>3.5t) through traffic in the city of Stuttgart | Freight transport | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Sectoral ban of transport by trucks of specific goods - Tyrol | Enforcement of train transport for defined bulk cargo on the Brenner corridor in Tyrol, Austria | Freight transport | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | SOx Emission Control Area (SECA) - North Sea, Baltic Sea | Limit to sulphur content for marine fuels in specific marine areas in the North Sea and Baltic Sea | Regulations for fuel quality | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Spatial planning: concentration at major axis of public transportation - example Salzburg | Spatial planning in the Federal Province Salzburg, Austria to concentrate settlement development along major public transportation axis | Land use planning to ensure sustainable transport facilities | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Speed limit of 80km/h on motorway - Rotterdam | Motorway speed limit to 80km/h and strict speed control in Rotterdam | Effective reduction of speed limits and control | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Speed limits on motorways - Tyrol | Motorway speed control dependent on air quality levels at the A12 in Tyrol | Effective reduction of speed limits and control | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Speed reductions for (tug) ships - Antwerp | Lowering the speed of tug boats to 80% of maximum speed | Effective reduction of speed limits and control | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Stringent emission limit value for domestic heating in inner city areas - Aachen | Small solid fuel residential heating systems in the city area of Aachen must meet stringent emission limit values. | Emission control equipment | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Stringent emission limit value for domestic heating in inner city areas - Berlin | Residential heating systems for new buildings in the inner city area of Berlin are required to emit not more than oil fired heating systems | Other (Low Emission Fuels) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | Subsidizing alternative vehicles - Berlin | Subsidies for CNG vehicles and increase in number of fuelling stations in Berlin | Encouragement of shift of transport modes | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Tackling fuel poverty - UK | The UK fuel poverty strategy aims at eradicating fuel poverty as far as reasonably practicable within 15 years | Other (Low Emission Fuels) | no | successful |
| Comments 0 | The Big Tree Plant: urban street trees and community orchards - London and other communities in the UK | Planting of trees along streets and in other urban locations, particularly in economically deprived areas | Other | no | |
| Comments 0 | TiO2 coatings trials to reduce NOx levels - several cities | Catalytic reduction of NO and NO2 by TiO2 coating near heavily trafficked roads | Other (Traffic planning and management) | no | unsuccessful |
| Comments 0 | Traffic light management and optimization - Graz, Austria | Optimization of traffic light switching dependent on traffic counts for specific roads in Graz | Other (Traffic planning and management) | partly | successful |
| Comments 0 | Urban ventilation - example Dresden | The city of Dresden aims at maintaining and improving urban ventilation as well as greening of inner city areas | Other | no | successful |
This catalogue of measures supports the implementation of the Air Quality Directive by providing a selected number of successful (best practice) and unsuccessful Air Quality measures. This database is intended for officials responsible for air quality assessment, planning and management on the national, regional and local level. It should allow easy access to Air Quality measures that could be useful in specific situations to comply with Air Quality requirements and objectives, and that would also provide insight for officials at all administrative levels in Member States and the EU in the cost-effectiveness of abatement strategies and actions.
The selection of measures is intended to be representative for different circumstances in the EU. It is based on a workshop held by EEA within the Air Implementation Pilot project in February 2013. The attributes of the measures are partly based on those of the future e-Reporting of information on ambient air.
Measures are regarded as being successful when goals (emission reduction, air quality improvements, changes in further indicators) set beforehand by the responsible authority were achieved. Unsuccessful measures are those that did not meet the expectations (e.g. uptake of subsidies), reduction effects are disputed or effects are lower due to improper implementation. This classification is however dependent on specific situations and therefore subjective to some extent. Thus an unsuccessful measure in one place might be successful under different circumstances.
This database has been created from a previous work done by Umweltbundesamt Austria and Ricardo-AEA under a contract from DG ENV.
| Attribute | Description |
|---|---|
Name | Title/Name. e-Reporting reference: K.2.2 (Name or title of the measure) |
Short Description | Short description of the measure within appr. one sentence |
Description | Full Description. e-Reporting reference: K.2.3 (Description of the measure in plain text) |
| Classification | Measures classification. e-Reporting reference: K.2.4 (Classification of the measure in 35 categories; predefined text according to e-Reporting) |
| Type | Type of measure. e-Reporting reference: K.2.5 (Type of the measure (part of AQ plan, short term measure,..). predefined according to e-Reporting) |
Availability Quantitative | Indicates whether information on impacts and/or costs is available |
| Exceedence Scale | Spatial scale of air quality exceedance. e-Reporting reference: K.2.10 (Adapted from “Spatial Scale”) |
| Impact Scale | Spatial scale over which measures should have an impact. e-Reporting reference: K.2.10 (Adapted from “Spatial Scale”) |
Characteristics | Measure type characteristics (economic, technical, …). From time extension notifications Form 7sub e |
| Pollutant | Pollutant coverage: e-Reporting reference: C.4.3: Pollutant(s) addressed by the measure |
| Source Sector | Affected source sector. e-Reporting reference: K.2.9 (Source sector(s) addressed by the measure) |
Pollutant Exceeded | Pollutant(s) exceeded in recent years |
Pollutant Level | Level(s) of the pollutant(s) exceeded |
Pollutant Year | Year for which the pollutant level(s) are provided |
Station Code | Code of station(s) in exceedance. e-Reporting reference: A.2.5.6 (European code of the station(s) in exceedance) |
Impact Relative | Relative impact of the measure on emission of the main pollutant in % |
Impact Absolute | Change in pollutant level/ambient concentrations (µg/m³). e-Reporting reference: K.2.1.3.1 (Impact of the measure on pollutant levels of the main pollutant) |
Impact Info | Further information on the impact of the measure |
Success | Classification of the measure as “successful”, “unsuccessful” or “unknown” |
Impact Url | Link to website where information on impact of the measure can be found |
Cost Setup | Cost of Introduction (€). e-Reporting reference: K.2.8.1 (Costs of introducing the measure (€)) |
Cost Running | Running costs of the measure per year (€) |
Cost Estimated | Estimated total costs in (€). e-Reporting reference: K.2.8.2 (Total costs of the measure per year (€) |
| Time Scale | Time for a measure to take effect. e-Reporting reference: K.2.7 (Time scale for a measure to take full effect (short, medium, long term)) |
| Administrative Level | Administrative level on which the measure was taken. e-Reporting reference: K.2.6 |
Owner | Responsibility party / owner of the measure |
Update Frequency | Frequency of updates of the measure |
Url | Link to website for background information and references |
| Topography | Topography of the area in exceedance. e-Reporting reference: D.5.2.11 (“Regional dispersion situation”) |
| Area Classification | Classification of area as urban, suburban or rural. e-Reporting reference: D.5.2.10 (Adapted from “Area Classification”) |
NEC Relevance | Classification whether the measure might be of relevance to reduced emissions of NEC pollutants on a national level |
Source | Source of the main information on the measure |
| Via E.Fermi, 2749 |
| 21027 Ispra (Varese, IT) |